Ternary Health
Post-Infectious & Fatigue Syndromes · Long COVID

Long COVID

You were told you'd recover in two weeks. Months or years later, you are still not the same. The condition is real, characterizable, and treatable in components.

About Long COVID

What we mean when we say Long COVID.

Long COVID, also called Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), is a heterogeneous condition encompassing persistent symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection. Definitions vary, but most require symptoms persisting beyond 12 weeks post-infection that cannot be attributed to another diagnosis.

The syndrome encompasses post-exertional malaise, cognitive dysfunction, dysautonomia, mast cell involvement, microvascular and clotting abnormalities, immune dysregulation, GI dysmotility, and a broad range of organ-specific findings. Many patients meet criteria for ME/CFS, POTS, and MCAS simultaneously.

What distinguishes effective Long COVID care from ineffective care is the willingness to evaluate the full systemic picture rather than treating a single symptom in isolation. Component-by-component management is possible — but only when the components are correctly identified.

Prevalence

Estimated to affect 20–40% of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 to varying degrees. Conservatively over 100 million people globally.

The path to diagnosis

Why Long COVID gets missed.

20–40%
Of infected individuals develop persistent symptoms
Multiple peer-reviewed PASC studies
ME/CFS, POTS, MCAS
Frequently meets criteria for
Long COVID phenotyping literature

Long COVID is recognized but not characterized. Most patients are told they have it and offered no structured workup beyond symptom-by-symptom management. The condition is heterogeneous — multiple distinct phenotypes are bundled under one label — and treatment that doesn't identify the specific phenotype is essentially blind.

  1. 01
    Long COVID is treated as a single condition when it is actually a constellation of identifiable phenotypes — post-exertional malaise / ME/CFS, dysautonomia / POTS, mast cell activation, microvascular and clotting abnormalities, immune dysregulation, GI dysmotility, and small fiber neuropathy. Treating without phenotyping produces inconsistent responses.
  2. 02
    The post-exertional malaise pattern is rarely asked about specifically, but it determines whether graded exercise is appropriate. Many Long COVID patients are prescribed exercise programs that worsen their condition.
  3. 03
    The autonomic component — POTS in particular — is frequently the dominant driver and is frequently undiagnosed. Many Long COVID patients meet POTS criteria but have never had a 10-minute stand test performed.
  4. 04
    Microvascular abnormalities, clotting findings, and immune dysregulation are areas of active research with emerging treatment implications. Most clinical practice has not yet incorporated this literature.
How we approach it

The Ternary Health approach to Long COVID.

01

Phenotype the specific drivers in your case — ME/CFS criteria, autonomic involvement, mast cell activation, microvascular and clotting findings, immune dysregulation, GI involvement, post-exertional pattern. The phenotype determines the management.

02

Evaluate the post-exertional pattern explicitly. PEM presence determines whether structured exercise is appropriate or contraindicated, and is the single most important clinical distinction in the Long COVID workup.

03

Audit the autonomic and mast cell components — 10-minute stand test, autonomic reflex screen, mediator testing — that frequently drive the symptom intensity but are rarely characterized in standard workups.

04

Synthesize across the phenotypes rather than treating each in isolation. Long COVID is the integration problem; that's where Ternary's value is highest.

Signals we look for

The Ternary Signal Library for Long COVID.

Our Signal Library for Long COVID codifies the specific patterns that matter — post-exertional and autonomic phenotyping, microvascular and coagulation markers, immune and viral persistence signals, and overlap with ME/CFS, POTS, and MCAS. Your case is mapped against these signals; each present signal is identified and prioritized for your presentation.

Post-Exertional & Autonomic Phenotyping
  • Post-exertional malaise documentation and pattern characterization
  • 10-minute stand or tilt-table for POTS criteria
  • Autonomic reflex screen — sudomotor, cardiovagal, adrenergic
  • Heart rate variability patterns where measured
  • Activity pacing and energy envelope assessment
Microvascular & Coagulation Markers
  • D-dimer, fibrinogen, and clotting markers
  • Microclot research findings where pursued
  • Endothelial dysfunction markers and assessment
  • Platelet activation patterns
  • Cerebral perfusion findings where imaging performed
Immune & Viral Persistence Signals
  • Inflammatory markers — CRP, IL-6, cytokine patterns where measured
  • Viral persistence indicators — spike protein, viral RNA where tested
  • Autoantibody panel — anti-nuclear, anti-cardiolipin, autonomic receptor
  • Reactivated EBV, HHV-6 screening
  • T-cell exhaustion and immune dysregulation markers
Comorbid ME/CFS / POTS / MCAS Overlap
  • ME/CFS criteria evaluation — IOM 2015 criteria specifically
  • POTS subtype characterization where present
  • MCAS criteria and mediator testing
  • Small fiber neuropathy screening
  • Cognitive dysfunction pattern and neuropsychological findings
The nine-stage workflow, applied

How a Long COVID case moves through our workflow.

Our nine-stage workflow is the same for every engagement. What changes per condition is the content at each stage — the records we pull, the signals we apply, the specialists we map, the pathways we evaluate. Below, how your case specifically would move through each stage.

Stage 01 · 0–2
Qualification
Fit screen confirms documented Long COVID or strongly consistent post-acute presentation, access to prior workups, and current symptom and treatment status. Onset timeline and infection history matter for case prioritization.
Stage 02 · 3–7
Intake & data aggregation
Records pull emphasizes prior Long COVID clinic workups, autonomic testing if performed, inflammatory and clotting markers, and complete symptom and infection timeline. Activity and PEM pattern documented in structured form.
Stage 03 · 7–10
Case structuring
Case schema populated. Phenotype mapping across ME/CFS, POTS, MCAS, microvascular, immune, and GI domains. PEM evaluation completed.
Stage 04 · 10–14
Signal analysis
The Ternary Signal Library for Long COVID is applied. Typical case activates 16–22 signals across post-exertional, autonomic, microvascular, immune, and comorbidity domains. Each signal evaluated for your specific presentation.
Stage 05 · 14–19
Evidence retrieval
Literature scan emphasizes the RECOVER initiative output, post-COVID POTS and MCAS series, microclot and coagulation research, viral persistence literature, and the ME/CFS-Long COVID integration research. Condition-specific Evidence Matrix refreshed.
Stage 06 · 19–24
Pathway mapping
Pathway map built across autonomic medicine, ME/CFS-experienced clinicians, mast cell allergy/immunology, neurology for SFN, and Long COVID research-active centers. Specialists mapped from our Specialist Graph.
Stage 07 · 24–28
Synthesis & plan construction
Every option weighed against the three questions (Evidence × Personalization × Action), then prioritized and sequenced. Dependencies encoded as a directed graph — phenotype identification informs treatment sequencing, PEM assessment informs activity prescription, autonomic and mast cell findings inform medication strategy.
Stage 08 · 28–32
Delivery & calibration
Findings call with attention to PEM status, activity prescription, autonomic and mast cell management priorities, and clinical trial considerations. Your priorities and constraints update the plan before finalization.
Stage 09 · 32–62
Execution support
30 days of asynchronous follow-up through the typical Long COVID consultation sequence — autonomic medicine, mast cell allergy, neurology, and any indicated research-center consultations. Outcomes captured into the Ledger.
Deliverables

What you receive.

  • A written case synthesis characterizing the specific Long COVID phenotypes present in your case
  • Integration of autonomic, mast cell, microvascular, immune, and post-exertional findings into a single view
  • PEM evaluation and activity-prescription appropriateness determination
  • Phenotype-specific treatment framework across pharmacologic, procedural, and lifestyle interventions
  • Clinical trial landscape review and eligibility considerations
  • Specialist identification for Long COVID research-active centers and phenotype-specific specialists
  • A written action plan and follow-up support as you implement it
What a Ternary report adds

What a Precision Deep Dive provides for Long COVID.

A Ternary Health Precision Deep Dive for Long COVID phenotypes the specific drivers in your case: ME/CFS criteria, autonomic involvement, mast cell activation, microvascular and clotting findings, immune dysregulation, GI involvement, and post-exertional pattern. We synthesize the emerging treatment evidence and clinical trial landscape across these components.

See the published sample reports · read the Ternary Method

Frequently coexisting conditions

What we look for alongside Long COVID.

Patients with Long COVID frequently present with one or more of the following. Ternary reports evaluate the full picture rather than the condition in isolation.

Common questions — Long COVID

What prospective Long COVID clients ask most.

I've been told I have Long COVID but I'm not getting better. What now?
The most common reason for incomplete response is that the specific phenotype hasn't been identified. Long COVID isn't one condition — it's several distinct phenotypes that respond to different treatments. The Ternary report phenotypes your case: is the primary driver ME/CFS-pattern post-exertional malaise, dysautonomia / POTS, mast cell activation, microvascular dysfunction, immune dysregulation, or some combination? The phenotype determines the treatment.
Should I be exercising?
Only if you don't have post-exertional malaise. PEM — symptom worsening 12 to 48 hours after exertion, lasting days — contraindicates graded exercise. Many Long COVID patients have PEM and have been prescribed exercise that is making them worse. The Ternary report makes this determination explicitly.
What about clinical trials?
We review the current landscape and eligibility considerations as part of the report. The Long COVID trial landscape is evolving rapidly — RECOVER, Polybio, and academic-center protocols are all in various stages. Trial considerations are case-specific and depend heavily on phenotype.
Do I need a confirmed diagnosis before applying?
Documented prior COVID infection — confirmed or strongly suspected — plus persistent symptoms beyond 12 weeks. Formal Long COVID clinic enrollment is not required.
What if I also have POTS or ME/CFS?
Frequently the case, and frequently the answer to why the response to Long COVID-directed care has been incomplete. The Ternary report evaluates each independently and synthesizes management across them. Many Long COVID patients meet criteria for ME/CFS, POTS, and MCAS simultaneously, and the plan reflects that reality.
Working through this on your own?

Three ways to engage Ternary on Long COVID.

From a free starting point to a full personalized action plan — three tiers, one methodology, all tailored to Long COVID.

Start exploring

Free Brief

$0

A 3–5 page personalized starting point on your condition. Most relevant labs, specialist categories, first decisions worth pursuing. No charge.

Generated instantly, no charge.

Get a free Brief
Get organized

Launchpad

$400

A research-based preparedness guide. Current literature, realistic prognosis, test and treatment categories worth exploring, and a checklist of what you might consider to better manage and understand your condition.

Delivered in 3–5 business days

Start a Launchpad
Get answers

Precision Deep Dive

$6,500

A vigorously researched and highly personalized action plan: the specialists and centers of excellence worth considering, evidence-graded options, and a prioritized set of questions to raise — all curated for your specific condition and lifestyle, for you and your physicians to weigh together. The plan includes 30 days of follow-up support and tailored insights into how best to navigate your situation now and in the future.

September 2026 cohort

Apply for a Deep Dive
What a Ternary report looks like

See exactly what you receive.

A composite sample illustrating the structure and depth of every Ternary Health Precision Deep Dive. Same universal 17-section format used for Long COVID — drawn from four research-validated patient profiles across four conditions.

Every Ternary engagement produces a report with the same architecture: client profile, applied methodology, signal analysis, lab and genetic findings, imaging synthesis, disease model, intervention prioritization, specialist pathway, staged medical therapy, 90-day roadmap, and monitoring cadence. The composite shows you exactly how that architecture renders.

Ready for clarity on your Long COVID?

Applications for the September 2026 cohort are open now and reviewed in the order received. Not ready? A free Ternary Brief on Long COVID is generated instantly, no charge.